Report On Online Shopping System Information

Report On Online Shopping System Information The online shopping system is fast gaining media for to sale or purchase items from anywhere and anytime. It is basically based on Internet, It is related with B2C (Business to Customer) model and status of the design and development of e-commerce platform. It can not only save the operating costs of enterprises as well as save the time of customer to go shopping at mall and it is increasing the efficiency of business. This document show the status of Online Shopping System and development background and then introduces or discusses the system design, system objectives, system requirements and overall all phases of development or implementation of system. This system provides good facilities to users with GUI forms to registration, shopping cart management, and information modify etc. for customer. It has also provided some facilities to Admin as add item, update item and etc. It has been designed with B/S three tier structures, JSP technology for dynamic page design and for system security and code reuse the JavaBeans has used. And for better communication between system and easy to access, as well as to store large data of the database has used MSSql Server 2000. In this basically the two user one is Admin who can add item, update item control over the database or the management of customer information and keep security over the information of the customer as well as products. Second is customer who access the site for his requirement, he can register, search or see the products, details of products and comment for product and can do secure transactions over the internet. Chapter 1: Introduction What I am going to do? In the proposed system , as discuss in the abstract we are going to develop the new website Online Shopping System for computer products. In the website I followed the software development methodology called incremental approach nad according to it the system is mainly divided inot the two kinds of users and three kinds of mechanisms in order to make more sutaible for the end users to fulfill their all requirments from one place with quick and in more understandable manner. Here two kinds of users are Admin and End user means customer. In addition to this, three kinds of methods which considered here are NetUI means make available access to the end users for everything from the net which is developed with help of JSP and HTML, second one is the database which used to store large amount of data and easily can retrieve,update etc, and last one is the controls used for the same. Thus here we followed the model based UI desing approach. The important things which we added with this websi te is the latest product with latest configuration customer can choose as per configuration of that product, external devices, security for transcation, customer can send their view or comment and many more. Background In the current world the rapid development of Internet, the Internet has expressly become the best and fast media for collecting information, communication as well as entered into the commerce means selling, purchasing etc. So e-commerce became more popular and more businesses build an online store to show consumers a new shopping concept. Online shopping system as B2B, B2C, C2C ecommerce front-end business platform, the whole process of its business activities plays an important roles. In this site or system, consideration is how to build a B2C Online Shopping System. Online shopping is a kind of interactive features business information which provides users with two types of static and dynamic information resources. The static information are those that change frequently or later that resources, sucha as company profile, management practices and corporate systems etc. Dynamic information is subject to change information, such as commodity quotes, meeting arrangements, and training information. Online shopping system has powerful interactive features to enables businesses and users to easily transfer inoformation to complete e-commerce transactions. This new inter-company transactions to achieve the paperless exchange of documents and funds. Technologies Selection and Justification Following is description of technologies which are used for the website work: 1.3.1 Hardware/Software Requirements Software specifications Hardware specifications: Hardware Minimum Requirement Microprocessor Intel 3.1GHz processor or onwards Random Access Memory (RAM) 512 MB RAM. Hard Disk Drive 20GB (min. free useable disk space). 1.3.2 Technology Description 1) JSP: As there are number of acronyms with which the Internet is packed, another one is JSP. Here the JSP is standing for the Java Server Pages, but ità ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s commonly known as the JSP. JSP is nothing but the scripting language and very much similar to the ASP, PHP languages. Using the JSP, contents in the website are generated dynamically which allowing the rather than only statically as with the HTML. There are many free hosting available for the JSP websites because of the reason is that JSP is free and open source, simple, robust. There are other web development technologies also available now days such as PHP, ASP.net etc. But we encountered some problems with such technologies which are presented in following justification for the same: JSP over PHP: Both (JSP PHP) is web technologies are strong. For the most of the enterprise level applications JSP is better way to do because of its security, stability, speed of execution etc and more are the advantages of JSP. We encountered the problem with the PHP is that it becomes not more secure as compare JSP. As compared to the PHP, JSP is more rapid tool for the development of websites, once we know it, we can design any kind of pages which seems to us harder with the PHP because PHP is harder and also fewer objects oriented than JSP. Using JSP, we can develop web application quick by maintaining the level of performance, security for the same. JSP over ASP.NET: ASP.NET is come with the Microsoft product in the VS framework which is also one of the better way to designs and develop our websites, but the problem with such technology is that it is available only commercially means not freely as the JSP. As the we are getting same performances from the JSP as from the ASP.net, then ità ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s enough to decide to go with the JSP. Apart from this, there some other advantages which of JSP over the ASP.NET we observed such as: Freely Avaliable and Platform independent. Hosting is Cheply available. Web Server for JSP is free. If OS is Linux, no need to pay for the antivirus softwares. Rapid development. 2) MSSql Server 2000: One of the powerful is MSSql. There are many other powerful databases such as Oracle, Mysql etc are available. But while selecting MSSql database, there are two things which were addressed as compared to Oracle as well as MySql as: database which is best suitable with the JSP and another one is database which have fast speed to retrieve, update or communication with data. While with Oracle, MySqlserver there lot of extra efforts needs to be done before setting up the web application, the MSSql database is easy database with the high reliability, fast performance, and easy to use. Project Plan Thus as we used the incremental methodology of the software development, this project is divided into the different phases like requirement analysis phase, designing phase, development phase, deployment phase, testing phase etc. Following chart shows the overview of the proposed project plan with their time durations. Phases in Website Development In this section, some of the quality planes which are considered in order to maintain the quality of the proposed website. The major quality measure which we considered for the website is the proper validation for different things and response time of the proposed website because on the basis of this customers attraction is depends. Following is the brief explanation of these terms: 1) HTML Validation Using this validation we can check the document correctness against the DOCTYPE which is declared. On the basis of this various kinds of reports generated if there are any bugs with it. 2) Validating Links This is one important issue with the websites. Links of the website are checked against the all links given in the website whether they are working according to the specification given. 3) Validating Accessibility This is the most important activity which must be included in every website quality planning. It is not enough only to make the website, because people from different places, with different platforms accessing our website. The initiative of web accessibility is the maintaining the resources list which will help in order to designing the websites which will accessible. 4) Response Time For the websites like proposed one ità ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s necessary to check up with the response time of server because with websites several shopping transactions need to be done. Chapter 2: Software Development Methodologies 2.1 Types of Methodologies The mechanism of methodology is mainly composed of the one or more techniques in conjunction with the one of the models of software development. The prototyping techniques, object oriented techniques which are the multiple ways in order to implement the models such as incremental, waterfall and spiral models. During the single project such kinds of mechanisms are matched as well as mixed. Thus the methodology = techniques + models. Following are different kinds of methodologies which are prepared on the basis of combination of techniques as well as models: 1) Waterfall Model (Life Cycle) 2) Prototyping Model (Life Cycle) 3) Iterative Enhancement Model 4) Incremental Model 5) The Spiral Model 6) Object Oriented Methodology In the next section, we will see the details of each of these models in brief [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.2) Introduction Methodologies 1) Waterfall Model: This model is called as the waterfall model, because in this model the more emphasizes is on the complete phase development before proceeding with the next phase of the development. With the combination with some kinds phase completions, establishment of the baseline is done which freezes the development products at such point. If the current requirement is identified in order to change these products, then the process of formal change is followed in order make the change. Such kind of phases graphic representation during the software development resembling the waterfall model downward flow. [Ref. http://www.onestoptesting.com/sdlc-models/waterfall-model ] 2) Prototyping Model: Waterfall model is basically designed for addressing the issues with the waterfall model. In this model, the basic idea is that rather than freezing the requirements before coding or designs we can proceed, using the throwaway prototype requirements of the development understands. On the basis of requirements which are currently known. The prototype development is inside contains the coding, designing as well as testing. But each of these phases is not done very formally or thoroughly. Thus using such kind of mechanism, end users can get the systems actual feel, only because of the thing that prototype interactions will allow clients to understand the requirements better way for the desired system. 3) Iterative Enhancement Model: This model is trying to combine the features of models like waterfall as well as prototyping models. The main idea behind such model is that development of the software is done on the basis of incremental approaches, in which each and every increment is adding the some kind of functional capability in the system still the system is fully implemented. During the every step, extensions, designing and modifications are made. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 4) Incremental Model Main idea in this model is that during the overlapping sections waterfall is performed in order to attempt projects of waterfall model compensate which is done by generating the earlier usable functionality. This kind of model may be needed the overall requirments set that are small projects series. With the general objectives, initially using the basic objective, incremental model is started. 5) Spiral Model The model for the incremental is can be considered as the spiral model sometimes. The view of the spiral model is illustrating the one of the strength of the previous model in this section which is: system size grows while the resources can be held on constant. The size of spiral is corresponds to the size of system, on the other hand the distance among the coils indicating the resources. As the name indicating such model has many cycles. The dimension of the radial representing cumulative cost which is incurred while accomplishing the steps that are done so far as well as dimension of angular representing the progress which is made during the completing the every spiral cycle. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 6) Object Oriented Methodology As the name indicating, such methodology requiring using the object oriented techniques which can be used during the requirement analysis, designing and implementation phase of the system. Such kind of methodology asking for the analyst for determining the systems objects, their behavior over the time or their behavior in response to the events, as well as what kind of relations and responsibilities an object has to with the other objects. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.3 Advantages and Disadvantages Advantages of Prototyping Model Early functionality. Providing the process in order to perfect the definition of requirments. Providing the risk control. Main focus of the documentation is on the end product rather than the evolution of product. Providing the basic specification which is embodied in the operating replica. Disadvantages of Prototyping Model This method is less applicable for the existing systems as compare to the existing new systems development. Suffering from the dirty documentaion. Bad reputation in between the conservatives because of dirty and quick method. Sometimes using this method system is developed with the poor performance. Advantages of Iterative Method Reliable software production. This may be intrdouced gradually to an organization. Disadvantages of Iterative Method Complete sets of requirements are required. Disciplined style may stifle creativity. Advantages of Object-Oriented: Problem owners can joining in producing the solution. Maintenance costs are less due to the object oriented analysis which encourages the complete set of solution. This kind of model expresses the reality of users view. Disadvantages of Object-Oriented This is difficult for those methods which is having the structured analysis of background. This method may be difficult with the DoD-STD- 2167A. [Ref. http://codebetter.com/blogs/raymond.lewallen/archive/2005/07/13/129114.aspx ] 2.4 Details: Two Methodologies In the following section, discussion and detailed working of the two models such as incremental model and waterfall model. 1) Waterfall Model: As we discussed the basic working this model in above section, in this section we will take the overview of basic steps of the model in the software development: Following figure shows the different phase in the development of the software. The documentation included the documentation from each phase. The phases below the detailed design phase include software as part of their output. Transition from phase to phase is accomplished by holding a formal review that is attended by the contractor and appropriate government agencies. These reviews provide the government insight into the contractors progress. At critical points on the waterfall model, baselines are established, the last of which is the product baseline. [Figure:1: Waterfall Model] As showing in above figure 1, as the name indicating waterfall model is made up of sequentially of phases one after the next phase. In comparison with the other software development models, following are some of the salient attributes of this model: This is the forma method. This is like top down development approach. This is consisting of phases which are independent and needs to be completed sequentially. This model is used in different ways: Phases are combined, The starting as well as ending points are different. [Ref. http://www.onestoptesting.com/sdlc-models/waterfall-model ] 2) Incremental Method: C:Documents and Settingsgodwit3Desktopincremental-model1.gif As we discussed in the last paragraph, the model of incremental is performing the waterfall in the overlapping sections in order to attempt length compensation for the waterfall model projects by generating the earlier useful functionality. As compared to the waterfall model, a project which uses the incremental model is starting with the general objectives. In this case, some part of such objectives are defined as the requirements as well as are implemented, after that the next part of these objective are considered and implemented, this process is continues until the complete objective is achieved. However as compare to the complete requirements general objectives can be uncomfortable for the management. Well defined interfaces are needed due to the fact that few modules may be completed early compare to others. This model is more flexible for the development of the websites as compare to the softwareà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s. Thus we selected incremental model for the same. [Ref. http://testing-mines.blogspot.com/2006/05/what-is-incremental-model.html] 2.5) Methodology Selection For our proposed application we have to use the method of incremental approach which is best suitable for such kinds of applications. Because of the following benefits from it: Generates working software quickly and early during the software life cycle. More flexibleless costly to change scope and requirements. Easier to test and debug http://kona.kontera.com/javascript/lib/imgs/grey_loader.gif during a smaller iteration. Each iteration is an easily managed milestone.

Sole proprietorship

Sole proprietorship Sole Proprietorship: A sole proprietorship is a business owned by a single person. Advantages of the Sole Proprietorship: A. Simplicity B. Autonomy C. Sole Gain D. Single Tax E. Shelter Income Disadvantages of the Sole Proprietorship: A. Limited resources B. Unlimited and Unshared Liability Key Characteristics: A. Liability-Liability is totally the sole proprietors. Meaning that there is no difference between the sole proprietor business and personal assets they are one and if the business fails or the sole proprietor is sued the creditors and litigants can come after both as if they are one. B. Income Taxes-The sole proprietor and the business are taxed as one. C. Longevity or Continuity of the Organization-If the sole proprietor dies the business goes with him. D. Control-The sole proprietor controls everything in the business. He and/or she can do it all their own of hire someone else to do it. E. Profit Retention-The sole proprietor keeps all of the profits F. Convenience of Burden-There are only a few instances when you have to have a register with the state or federal government. When you run a business under a different name then your own or you supply certain things that require licensure. General Partnership: By definition, is when two or more people come together to run a business. Advantages: A. Partners keep all the profit. B. The partnership is free from Federal income tax. C. Partnerships profits or losses pass directly to the partners as personal income for federal tax purposes. D. Partnerships permit pooling of capital, talent and a sharing of risk. Disadvantages: A. The death of a partner may automatically end the partnership-with serious consequences to all concerned. B. Unlimited personal liability of all the partners. Key Characteristics: A. Liability-The partnership has unlimited personal liability. B. Income Taxes-There is no Federal tax for the partnership, but they can claim their profits and their losses on their personal taxes. C. Longevity -The longevity of the business is based on the contract they had drawn up before the business was started in case of buyout and/or Death. D. Control-The control of the business is based on what the partners agree on. E. Profit Retention-All the profits go to the partners. F. Convenience or Burden-The partnership should have a contract drawn up that describes exactly what each partner has contributited to the business, what share of the profits each partner will receive, duration of the partnership and the breaking up and closing of the business in case circumstances arise. If this is done then a partnership would be a good venture. Limited Partnerships: By definition, the limited partnership is at least one limited partner and at least one general partner. Advantages: A. The limited partner can make a profit without much effort. B. If the company fails, the limited partner only losses the amount they had invested. Disadvantages: A. The limited partner has a very limited control in the running of the business. B. It is very hard for the limited partner to get there investment out of a limited partnership. Key Characteristics: A. Liability-The majority of the liability is taken on by the general partners not the limited partners. B. Income Taxes-If the partnership has two or more of the following things then it will be taxed as a corporation; Freely transferable ownership papers Continuing of life Participation of limited partners in management of the business Very limited liability of the limited partner in the debt of the business if it goes bankrupt (All Business, 2010) (All Business, 2010) C. Longevity-The longevity of the limited partnership is based solely on the contracts drawn up. D. Profit retention-The limited partner gets a percentage of the profits. E. Convenience or Burden-The limited partnership is best for the limited partner if they want to use it as an investment tool. C Corporation: By definition, the C corporation means closely held corporation. They are small none traded corporations, usually but not always limited to no more than 30 shareholders. Advantages: A. The closely held corporation is its own legal entity, as long as all the rules and bylaws are followed at the local, state, and/or federal level then there is limited liability. B. Closely held corporations can have benefit health plans, which will be better retirement and health insurance plans then those of non-corporation businesses. C. The health insurance is fully deductible and up to a certain amount of group term life insurance benefits per employee. D. Should a shareholder die or wish to cash out his or her shares, the corporation will still continue. E. It is a lot easier to get investment capital in a corporation then it is in other businesses. F. Employees can be offered stock option plans. Disadvantages: A. Double taxed. Which means after the corporation pays its taxes on the income the corporation makes, the shareholder will be taxed again on the profits they receive from their profits on their shares. B. You must follow the local, state and/or federal laws when it comes to incorporating to the letter. If they are not followed then the shareholders may be held liable for any situation that comes along. C. It costs more to have a corporation than any non-corporation business. D. It takes more time and effort to maintain a corporation then a non-corporation. Key Characteristics: A. Liability -As long as all the local, state and/or federal laws are followed then there is very limited liability. B. Income Taxes-A C-corporation is what is called double taxed. Meaning once the corporation pays the business tax then any profits the shareholders make are then taxed again. C. Longevity -The only way a C-corporation can be dissolved is if it is voted on and agreed to by the shareholders and very careful set of rules are followed. It doesnt matter if a shareholder dies or cashs in their shares the corporation continues. D. Control-A c corporation usually has a president, vice president and secretary-treasurer. Anyone or all of those people control the corporation. E. Profit retention-The closely held corporations profit depends on what percentage of stock each shareholder holds. F. Convenience or Burden-In order to form a c-corporation there has to be different local, state and/or federal law that must be followed and certain things that must be done to incorporate the business. S Corporation: By definition, the S Corporation means Subchapter S Corporation, it comes from the tax code from which it is taxed. An s-corporation is limited to no more than one hundred shareholders. Advantages: A. Since the corporate losses are passed thru to the shareholders, they are able to take is as a loss on their taxes. B. You will have limited personal liability without having to pay high corporate taxes. C. It is a lot easier to get investment capital in a corporation then it is in other businesses. Disadvantages: A. There are a lot of rules to follow and the amount of shareholders is limited. B. It will be costly to set up and follow the rigid set of corporate rules and laws. C. There will be close scrutiny by the I.R.S. D. All shareholders must be U.S. citizens. E. All shareholders must vote for the S corp. F. The corporation cant deduct the benefits like health and or accident insurance. Key Characteristics: A. Liability-the shareholder is only liable for the debts the corporation has up to how much they have invested. Exceptions Include: 1. If the shareholder guarantees a business loan. 2. If it is ruled by the courts that the business is a scam. B. Income Tax-S corporations are corporations that elect to pass corporate income, losses, deductions and credit through to their shareholders for federal tax purposes. Shareholders of S corporations report the flow-through of income and losses on their personal tax returns and are assessed tax at their individual income tax rates. This allows S corporations to avoid double taxation on the corporate income. S corporations are responsible for tax on certain built-in gains and passive income. C. Longevity-The S corporation is a perpetual entity and is not affected by the death of a shareholder. D. Control-The shareholders, the board of directors and the officers of the corporation all control the corporation. E. Profit Retention-In an S corporation all Officers, the Board of Directors and shareholder-employees must be paid a reasonable salary from the corporate earnings. F. Convenience or burden-Many rules and regulations must by follow the corporation, including the number of shareholders. Also, it can be costly to set and follow corporate formalities. LLC By definition, an LLC means Limited Liability Company. It is a business that brings a partnership and a corporation together. Advantages: A. LLCs offer pass-through tax statues similar to that of a partnership. B. Corporations are required to hold meetings and record minutes on those meetings each year; LLCs are not. The amount of paperwork needed to purchase assets, open bank accounts or make changes within the company is also significantly reduced in an LLC. C. LLCs provide owners with a degree of liability protection, such as also provided by a C corporation. Owners of both C Corporations and LLCs are typically not responsible for the debts and liabilities of the business. Disadvantages: A. Many investors will not invest in LLCs, because its a business structure that is not understood. B. LLCs dont have employee stock option plans. C. You cant switch from an LLC to a C or S corporation like you can switch from a C to S corporation. D. Some states dont allow single-member LLCs. Key Characteristics: A. Liability-LLCs are not personally responsible for debts of the business. B. Income tax-LLCs are taxed at the personal level. C. Longevity or continuity of the organization-Operating agreement can require a number to obtain interest beyond transferring interest. D. Control-persons and other legal entities composed of persons (such as trusts and other corporations can have the right to vote or receive dividends once declared by the board of directors. In case of for-profit corporations, these voters hold shares or stock and are thus called shareholders or stockholders. When no stockholders exist, a corporation has members who have the right to vote on its operations. Voting members are not the only members of a â€Å"corporation†. The members of a non-stock corporation are identified in the Articles of incorporation and the titles of the member classes may include â€Å"Trustee,† †Active,† †Associate,† and /or â€Å"Honorary.† However, each of these listed in the Articles of Incorporation are members or the corporation. E. Profit retention-Members share in the profit are proportion to how they invested in the business. F. Convenience or burden-LLCs dont allow single member companies, LLCs arent conducive to employee stock option plans and Investors will not invest in LLCs. (Haus, 2011) (All Business, 2010) (All Business, 2010) (All Business, 2010) (All Business, 2010)

A Comparison between Christopher Boone and Raymond Babbitt Essay

A Comparison between Christopher Boone and Raymond Babbitt Asperger ´s disorder is not a disease, but a developmental brain disorder. It is four times more prevalent in boys than in girls and it shows no racial, ethnic or social boundaries. Family income, lifestyle and educational levels do not affect the chance of Asperger ´s disorder's occurrence. According to Hans Asperger: It is important to know that the person with AS perceives the world differently. Therefore, many behaviours that seem odd are due to those neurological differences and not the result of intentional rudeness or bad behaviour. Both Christopher Boone, from the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, and Raymond Babbitt, from the movie Rainman, suffer from Asperger ´s disorder. They have several characteristics in common: they are both autistic savants with impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and non-verbal communication, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests and activities. Moreover, Christopher and Raymond are similar in that they are both autistic mathematical savants. According to the Wikipedia free dictionary: An autistic savant, historically described as an idiot savant, is a person with both autism and savant syndrome. Savant syndrome describes a person having a developmental or mental handicap of some sort with extraordinary mental abilities not found in most people. Christopher?s mathematical interests are reflected in his numbering his chapters strictly with prime numbers, ignoring composite numbers, such as 4 and 6. He is also the first student to take an A level in Maths and to get an A grade at his school. Christopher has a photographic memory and is extremely observant. Similarly, Raymond ... .... Like Christopher, he also tries to find a pattern which will enable him to make sense of his world. All in all, although there are some superficial differences between Christopher and Raymond, there are quite a number of important similarities. They share the lack of demonstrated empathy, encompass preoccupation with restricted patterns of interests and have an inflexible adherence to specific routines. Furthermore, they exhibit exceptional skills in Maths. From my point of view, most individuals with AS can learn to cope with their differences, but may continue to need moral support and encouragement to maintain an independent life. Researchers and people with AS have contributed to a shift in attitudes away from the notion that AS is a deviation from the norm that must be treated or cured, and towards the view that AS is a difference rather than a disability. A Comparison between Christopher Boone and Raymond Babbitt Essay A Comparison between Christopher Boone and Raymond Babbitt Asperger ´s disorder is not a disease, but a developmental brain disorder. It is four times more prevalent in boys than in girls and it shows no racial, ethnic or social boundaries. Family income, lifestyle and educational levels do not affect the chance of Asperger ´s disorder's occurrence. According to Hans Asperger: It is important to know that the person with AS perceives the world differently. Therefore, many behaviours that seem odd are due to those neurological differences and not the result of intentional rudeness or bad behaviour. Both Christopher Boone, from the novel The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, and Raymond Babbitt, from the movie Rainman, suffer from Asperger ´s disorder. They have several characteristics in common: they are both autistic savants with impaired social interaction, problems with verbal and non-verbal communication, and restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests and activities. Moreover, Christopher and Raymond are similar in that they are both autistic mathematical savants. According to the Wikipedia free dictionary: An autistic savant, historically described as an idiot savant, is a person with both autism and savant syndrome. Savant syndrome describes a person having a developmental or mental handicap of some sort with extraordinary mental abilities not found in most people. Christopher?s mathematical interests are reflected in his numbering his chapters strictly with prime numbers, ignoring composite numbers, such as 4 and 6. He is also the first student to take an A level in Maths and to get an A grade at his school. Christopher has a photographic memory and is extremely observant. Similarly, Raymond ... .... Like Christopher, he also tries to find a pattern which will enable him to make sense of his world. All in all, although there are some superficial differences between Christopher and Raymond, there are quite a number of important similarities. They share the lack of demonstrated empathy, encompass preoccupation with restricted patterns of interests and have an inflexible adherence to specific routines. Furthermore, they exhibit exceptional skills in Maths. From my point of view, most individuals with AS can learn to cope with their differences, but may continue to need moral support and encouragement to maintain an independent life. Researchers and people with AS have contributed to a shift in attitudes away from the notion that AS is a deviation from the norm that must be treated or cured, and towards the view that AS is a difference rather than a disability.

Bush A= Plan :: essays research papers

Bush A+ Plan Lieutenant Governor Brogan and Governor Bush fought for approval of what they called, the Bush/Brogan A+ Plan for education. This was a comprehensive system of school reform. They believed that each student should gain one years of knowledge with one year of school. They also believed that no student should be left behind. These are the principals that the plan was built upon. In order for them to be assured that a student gained a years knowledge in a years time, the FCAT was set in place. This FCAT tests students till the tenth grade. The results of this test is then used to make sure the student is not left behind. The education is then centered around the individual needs of each student. Although this is not the only reason for the FCAT test. The test also shows if the school is performing to standards. Schools are assigned a performance grade based on the student achievement from the FCAT. If the school receives a failing grade, then resources are put into effect. The school receives addition money assistance, along with salary incentives for the teachers in those schools. I personally do not see the reason to award a failing school or a teachers of that school. But I guess I stand corrected, due to the fact the program seems to be working for the most part. I believe there are some problems with this plan. I believe that the children that exceed the standards are left behind. When my daughter entered the sixth grade she was ready for Algebra 1. The school felt that only eight graders should take algebra 1. Their reasoning was that in the seventh and eighth grade they would not have a math for her to complete. Due to this reasoning, I feel, they decided to leave my child behind. My daughter was taken out of the public school and placed in a private school. In the private school she was able to exceed at her learning capabilities. Today she is attending CFCC as a full time student. This is her second semester. She carries thirteen credits this semester, with a 4.0 grade average. My daughter is thirteen years old. She shall receive her A.A. degree by the time she is fourteen. I believe if she had been left in the public school, she would of been held back from her abilities.

Bob Dole, Bill Sherman, and some blind guys with an elephant :: Essays Papers

Bob Dole, Bill Sherman, and some blind guys with an elephant When I moved back to Vermont and had conversations with friends and relatives about the Gulf War, I was surprised at how different the war they were describing was from the one that I remember. "Stealth" fighters, "Patriot" missiles, "chemical" attacks, people that I talked to had the impression that war was a constant state of danger. At the American Legion's annual convention this past summer, speaker Bob Dole said in part that, for those of us who served in wars, "We did not see the big picture. We saw the small struggle. We did not hear the call of history. We heard the voice of friends" (Stuteville 49). What I remember the most about the Gulf War is also the "small" struggles. Before I went to Saudi Arabia I had the classic American (or was it Hollywood?) idea of what "war" was all about. Just like John Wayne, or Rambo, I knew what war was! (I still remember a briefing chart that we had made of what we, the guys in my company and me, thought of as "our" mission . . . "Go there, kick ass, come home.") I knew that we would get there and, somehow, magically, be delivered to where the Iraqi army was. We would then defeat those same Iraqis in some grand, amorphous "Cinemascope and Technicolor" battle, set the Iraqi people free from the evil clutches of Saddam Hussein, and come home to America where we would all be honored as heroes. There would be victory parades, speeches, and (most importantly) free beer for the rest of our lives. What we found was that for eight months we sat on our butts in the middle of a desert. Not that "Beau Geste" desert of rolling sand dunes and oases with palm trees, Bedouin tribesmen with caravans of camels that Hollywood had managed to find. Oh, no-oo-oo! What we got was a rock-covered, "so-hot-you-couldn't-go-outside-in-the-middle-of- the-day," "so-cold-at-night-that-you-needed-a-sleeping-bag," bug-infested piece of land that, better than "desert," someone should have called "Mars" because it looked as if it was plucked off the face of another planet and thrown down just for us to find. This was as far removed from a Hollywood desert as it could be. There are three things about that war that I will never forget. First, I will always remember struggling with the sun.

Compare and Contrast Gatsby’s and Myrtles Parties

At the end of Chapter 2 and at the beginning of Chapter 3, we find Nick describing two different parties, the first one Myrtle's, the second Gatsby's. The parties are very different themselves; they contain two completely contrasting settings, at opposite ends of the spectrum. Myrtle's party is at the lower end of the spectrum, and seems to be the ‘wannabe party', where most of the people there are the people who wish to become the people who attend Gatsby's party, who are the rich and famous. This contrast of attendees to the parties is very interesting, and in my view, portrays how society in 1920's America was. People wanted to be rich, and followed how the people who were rich to as close as they possibly could. Myrtle's party is a very interesting scenario, in all of its forms. Myrtles apartment even shows how she is determined to live the upper class lifestyle. The description of the apartment (â€Å"a small living room, a small dining room, a small bedroom, and a bath. â€Å") Shows how poor it really is, and may also show how poor Myrtle is. The apartment also shows Myrtle's undying desperation and need to be seen as rich, mostly shown in the items inside the apartment. † tapistried furniture entirely too large for it (the apartment) † The furniture is symbolic of Myrtle in many ways, it can be seen that she is desperate to be seen as rich, and so she buys items that are too large for her own restrictions on life. It could also be seen that the ‘furniture entirely too large for it' shows that Myrtle's desires for life are too large for what she can manage, and so they seem to become cumbersome, and become intrusive in everything that she does. ladies swinging in the gardens of Versailles† is showing the type of lifestyle Myrtle wants to have, and it is the lifestyle that Daisy and Jordan have achieved. This continues to show the desperation of Myrtle, as she is trying to gain the ‘touch of class' wherever she can, and this desperation is amplified when we see how much of a following she has on celebrities lives (â€Å"several old copies of Town Tattle†) it seems she is hoping that if she reads and learns how celebrities live, she will pick up that lifestyle and become one also. The people who go to the party help show what the party is trying to portray. Catherine, Myrtle's sister, is exactly the same as Myrtle in many ways. She is portrayed by Nick as very fake, and possibly a ‘Gold digger', but the reality is that she is just trying to gain security, and the best way to do that in the 1920's was to find a rich husband. Mr. McKee is a photographer, and we can tell by the way he asks enthusiastically to Tom about possibly photographing his family, that he also desperate and trying to ‘make it big'. This is further reinforced at the end of the chapter, where McKee is drunk, half naked and still showing his portfolio to people, in this case, Nick. This shows the perseverance people at this time had to become rich, and how much they needed to force their particular medium on people to get a chance to become rich, but also to preserve their dreams. Tom, at this time, is at the party to escape his life with Daisy, and it is interesting how differently he treats Myrtle and Daisy, but also the similarities. Tom seems to be more willing to spend on Myrtle, for example, the apartment itself and the dog. It is obvious that Tom only wishes to use Myrtle, and thus the apartment, for sex, which is why he has spent so little on it, as it only contains what he requires. However, there are similarities in how he treats Daisy and Myrtle. For example, he will not allow either of them to have their own says if they are not the same as his, and how brutally he treats them if they do not . We see this in plain view when he breaks Myrtle's nose. This shows how he believes in a patriarchal society, and shows how he can bring he back down to reality with one deft blow. Gatsby's party is so much different from Myrtle's it is unrecognizable. Gatsby's party is extremely extravagant, and everything Myrtle wants hers to be. His vastness of wealth is shown in many ways, such as â€Å"‘his Rolls Royce became an omnibus', ‘five crates of oranges and lemons', ‘enough coloured lights to make a Christmas tree', ‘pitful of oboes and trombones'† All of these show off how much wealth Gatsby has, and it is even more amplified with the knowledge that these parties are common occurrences. The descriptions given also seem to be very biblical, such as â€Å"pyramid of pulpless halves†. This imagery may show the fact that the pyramid is made of ‘pulpless halves' shows the people who go to these parties are the kind of people that are in the magazines that Myrtle reads, which are known to be very superficial. The fact that Gatsby is still mainly called â€Å"my neighbour† shows that he is still very mysterious, even though he continuously throws these large parties. This is an interesting contrast, we expect people who throw such parties to be the type of people who show off, or who are celebrities. In other words, the type of people Myrtle aspires to be like. However, Gatsby is not like this, we know he throws parties with such exuberance and enthusiasm, and yet we have only seen a glimpse of the character himself, and we have not as of yet heard a piece of dialogue from him. This is probably why Nick is so interested in him, as he does not fit into the mould that people expect him to. There is no specific people mentioned who go to Gatsby's party, apart from Catherine in the previous chapter. The other people are only described as â€Å"enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each other's names† This description shows who the type of people go to Gatsby's parties, they seem to be very superficial, and the stereotypical ‘rich person' we can compare this with Myrtle's party, where almost everyone there, excluding Tom, wants to become rich, but they do not think about the consequences of such a thing and will possibly fall into this stereotype, or see it as the right way to be. We can see contrasts between the two parties in many areas, such as the fact Myrtle's party feels very cramped, whereas Gatsby's is very open. This shows the value of life and wealth these two people have, as well as their ambitions. Myrtle's overwhelming ambition to be rich and famous controls as to what she does, which is to do anything she can and nothing else to get her dream. Gatsby's position in life means that he can do what with his life, making his party personify his freedoms. Overall, we are shown two different sides of 1920's America. We see the Hollywood-style America, with Gatsby's party, where everyone is having a fantastic time, even if it is all very hollow. But we are also seen the underbelly of America, with all the opportunists in one place trying to use the wealthiest person there to boost themselves upwards. This, could be said, to be the reality of the American Dream. To make it big, you need to use every chance you can get and make all of the risks you can chance to make it, and if you don't, you fall down the ladder and have to start again.

Parental Filters on the Internet Essay

Technology, often defined as the application of science, was basically the crafts practiced by unschooled artisans (McClellan, 2006). Technologies had tangibly affected the people’s way of living, since these are made to improve their quality of life. Its existence was completely evident on how our ancestors developed simple choppers into fine blades, and later on, discovered the utilization of fire. One of the present discoveries was the Internet, which gradually diminished the barrier between communications. It served as a gateway of people all over the globe into the social scene. As perceived by Gralla (1998), Internet is the purest form of electronic democracy—where no single person, group or organization runs the Internet. It was made possible through computers interconnected with each other, sharing common information. These computers range from personal to government-owned databases, both local and international, to academic and business-oriented computers. A telephone, a modem, and a computer of course, are needed in able to connect to the Internet. Once you are connected to the Internet, your computer becomes an extension: another linkage on the Internet. Though the Internet was first used as a defense project of the United States, the Internet had evolved into being the newest kind of media. And eventually, it was used in schools, workplaces and businesses as well. It was able to help students in their home works, or catch up with the lessons they missed, and everybody’s favorite—social networking. As for professionals, the Internet enabled them to conduct video conferences, giving people who aren’t able to attend a certain meeting at ease. The Internet helped entrepreneurs as well, in finding the best products the community wants today, as well as providing on-line service with its customers. However, despite of all these good application of Internet, we cannot deny the fact that there are people who upload gore, violence and other explicit content. Though every information shared over the Internet has its own target audiences, parents should be literate enough to regulate and filter information their children are about to view. Parents, in the first place, are the one who thought their children to speak and communicate. Internet is the one that thought students to communicate and explore beyond extent. But parents are parents; they own their child and internet doesn’t. Internet can change someone but their parents can still control them. But still, as members of the society, we have to be responsible of what we access on the Internet, concerning especially the children. Kids these days spend more time on the Internet as much as our age does, which is very alarming, since this triggers children in accessing restricted material. Even social networking sites are surrounded with pedophiles and sexual predators, waiting for its prey to be devoured. Assuming that majority of the respondents control and filter their children’s use of the Internet, this study seeks to answer the forms of mechanisms utilized by every parent in a particular household, and its significance to child protection. Background of the Study As what Anne Frank stated, â€Å"Parents can only give good advice or put them on the right paths, but the final forming of a person’s character lies in their own hands.† In this quote, it is evident that parents are meant to support their children in forming their personalities in any aspect of his life. In the Philippine context, it is believed that if a person possesses good traits, it was because he was raised by his parents well. A parent may vary from another parent in raising a child, but the main point in here is that, every single parent shapes their children in the way they wanted them to be. Diana Baumrind, a clinical psychologist, conducted a research study in 1960’s on the linkages of parenting styles, and its effects on 100 preschool-aged children. Using naturalistic observation, parental interviews and other research methods, she had identified four important dimensions of parenting (Cherry, 2011) namely: Authoritarian Parenting, Authoritative Pare nting, Permissive Parenting and lastly, Uninvolved Parenting. Among the four parenting styles Baumrind had identified, Authoritarian Parenting has high regards of their children, as well as their expectations. When these expectations aren’t met, punishment is likely to be followed. Children raised this way tend to be more furious outdoors, or lack self-esteem. Contrary to that, Authoritative Parenting still has its own rules to follow, but the difference is that, no punishment is inflicted, and thus nurtured instead. While Permissive Parenting practices no disciplinary actions at all, thus creating an environment filled with love. However, children raised this way, more often than not, are stubborn in nature. Uninvolved Parenting means no parenting at all, meaning they do not support them through their endeavors, but strictly comply with their needs. Children have the tendency to be more anxious than the usual, and exhibit more delinquency or drug abuse. (Cherry, 2011) In relation to our study, parenting plays the vital role in shaping their children, not only in their behaviors, but also within the context of Internet dilemmas. Indeed, the Internet can be both good and bad in general. It can help children in doing their researches and improve their knowledge within a particular lesson, but at the same time, there will be a tendency that they will depend too much on what Internet has to offer—which is unhealthy, since not all information shared over the internet are true and reliable. It can reconnect their long lost friends, and discover new friends through social networking, but it could also expose them to the danger of meeting strange new people online. Since the Internet has a wide array of information, it can satisfy one’s curiosity regarding a certain topic, but into what extent? Internet, in this modern day, serves as a key or a portal through everything that this world has. People recognize its use in a good and bad way. In a recent study conducted by Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication from February to April year 2009, it showed that 74% have access to the Internet. Most of the respondents came from Visayas and Metro Manila. The respondents include grade school pupils 10-12 old, and high school students 13-17 old. The children in both subgroups basically use the Internet for email, connecting with friends, participating in e-groups and social networks. Though these types of activities are considered ‘safe’, it is actually not. Cyber-bullying has been rampant in the airwaves, as well as pornography and other explicit content. Pornography can be generally defined as erotic depictions intended to provoke a sexual response (Casanova, 2000). It can exist in many forms, including videos, films, stills, and even comics. High school students are definitely aware of this at a young age, it is because their minds are preoccupied with curiosity thus, filling their satisfaction to know and explore through the world of internet. However, with proper guidance and regulation of parents on how their children utilize the Internet, we can still shape these children the way they should be. To keep them safe from the detrimental effects Internet has to bring upon. Be it physically, mentally, socially, sexually, psychologically or even spiritually. Media, especially social media, has gradually changed the youth’s social and emotional cognition to its environment. How a child interacts with the people around him is greatly affected with his exposure with the media (Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, 2010). In a study conducted by Kraut (1998), the social effect of the Internet is a bit similar with television, but greater use of the Internet is statistically significant into declining of social involvement. It greatly affects the social circle he belongs to, his social contact, and social communication. Another is that, Liwag (2007) stated that Internet has the capacity to erode authority structures. This means that children might be accepting parental authority. Getting into the physical context, children that are more exposed to Internet use, had a great impact on their lifestyles. Children sleep well beforehand, but since they got hooked with the Internet, their daily routine had tangibly changed. Liwag (2007) explained that many adolescents are into health-compromising habits and sedentary lifestyle. (Asian Institute of Journalism and Communication, 2010) With the cases mentioned above, we, the researchers remain persistent in knowing what Filipino parents do, and have to do in order to diminish these cases for them not to experience. Theoretical Framework The study being proposed will adapt two mass communication theories. The first one is the Elaboration Likelihood by created by Richard E Petty and John T Cacioppo and the second one is the Social Judgment Theory that was developed by Muzafer Sherif and Carl Hovland. Elaboration Likelihood A popular model used as a principle in persuasion work is the Elaboration Likelihood Model created by Richard E Petty and John T Cacioppo. The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) states that there are two routes through which persuasive messages are processed: the central route and the peripheral route. Developed in 1980, this relatively new persuasion model attempts to â€Å"explain how a persuasive message works to change the attitude of the receiver† (Moore, 2001). Central and peripheral routes: both are effective styles of persuasion techniques, but each one has strategies and guiding principles to make it more effective. Understanding the two routes of persuasion discussed in the Elaboration Likelihood Model is vital to the persuasion process. Messages sent via the central route of persuasion must be straight-forward and complete. The central route consists of â€Å"thoughtful consideration of the arguments (ideas, content) in the message† (Benoit et al., 2001). The receiver carefully scrutinizes the message and evaluates the subject matter of the idea. Messages sent through this route must possess a high level of receiver involvement, that is, the receiver must actually care about and be related to the subject. Because it is of importance to them, the message will be evaluated thoroughly. Central route messages must be strong. The message is going to be dissected and analyzed from every angle, so it had better have some substance to it. The peripheral route of persuasion is successful for messages with low receiver involvement, low receiver motivation, and weak messages. Unlike the central route persuasion, messages sent via the peripheral route are not processed cognitively. Rather, the peripheral route states that â€Å"if a person is unable to elaborate on a message extensively, then she may still be persuaded by factors that have nothing to do with the actual content of the message itself† (Moore, 2001). According to Professors Dean Kruckeberg and Ken Starck, â€Å"the dominant public view of public relations, in fact, is one of persuasive communication actions†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wilcox et al., 2003, p.214). It is suggested that attitudes formed under high elaboration, the central route, are stronger than those formed under low elaboration. This means that this level of persuasion is stable over time and is less susceptible to decay or any type of counter-persuasion. Attitudes formed under low elaboration, the peripheral route, are more likely to cause a short term attitude change. The ELM is based on the idea that attitudes are important because attitudes guide decisions and other behaviors. While attitudes can result from a number of things, persuasion is a primary source. Model Social Judgment Theory This theory of attitude change was developed by Muzafer Sherif and Carl Hovland and later by Carolyn Sherif. As its name suggests, it is a model of judgment, which means that it declares that the audience interprets (judges) a message. Specifically, a listener judges how much the message agrees or disagrees with his or her own attitude. Second, Social Judgment theory holds that a listener’s involvement in the topic of the persuasive message – that is, how important a topic is to a listener – is an important factor in attitude change. Given a range of possible positions about given subject, people may have a range of opinions, but will have an anchor position. As this is often tied to people’s sense of identity, it is seldom possible to change it. The latitude of acceptance are those positions which are acceptable. The latitude of non-commitment are those positions which are neither accepted nor rejected. The latitude of rejection are positions which will be actively opposed. We can observe that one person can think a summer day is hot while another believes it is only pleasantly warm. Two friends can see the same movie and one will like it and the other will hate it. And two people can hear the same persuasive message but have quite different reactions to it. Social Judgment theory explains how two people can react so differently to the very same message. The reason why people gave different answers is that they had different comparison points or anchors and also because of their ego involvement. Each listener or reader judges the main idea of the message, how much it agrees or disagrees with him or her, by comparing the message with his or her anchor point, which in Social Judgment theory is his or her existing attitude on the message topic. Model: Conceptual Framework Elaboration Likelihood The researchers formulated a model of dual routes of persuasion to explain the situation being studied. The illustration shows the how, the what, and the predicted outcome of parents’ response to control their children’s internet access. The model will start from message that will be coming from the parents. Then the message will proceed to the audience factor—which is the children. There are two possibilities from which the message might flow. There will be a possibility of having high motivation and ability to think of the message or possess low motivation and ability to think of the message. In that process, it will show the parents to think of the control mechanism they will be using whether it could be a high or a low factor. Then the third process will be the processing approach which will show the style of approach the parents can be used. The last part of the process would be the persuasion outcome. Through that process we can infer if the outcome the parents had executed to control their children’s access had been a persuasive message in changing the children’s access to internet. In that case, the parents are expected to research and apply these mechanisms in controlling their children’s internet access. Eventually, there will be an element of dissatisfaction that will trigger their train of thought to try all of control mechanisms if possible. Each control mechanism has its own style that could or could not be persuasive or effective. Just like in the adopted theory of Elaboration Likelihood, that there are two techniques of persuasion and both of it are effective styles, but each one has strategies and guiding principles to make it more effective. Understanding the two routes of persuasion discussed in the Elaboration Likelihood Model is vital to the persuasion process. Conceptual Model: Social Judgment The Social Judgment theory in this study will focus on the children’s response or their involvement in the control mechanisms of their parents. Whether they will accept it, reject it or there is no potential commitment. As the conceptual model illustrates, it will start to the parent’s control mechanism. Afterwards, children will assess it depending on their level of ego-involvement and on their own anchor points. Lastly, it is their choice if they will accept it, reject it or just don’t commit at it. Not all children will have the same involvement because of their different attitudes or their ego involvement and anchor points. Conceptual Model: Statement of the Problem What are the mechanisms utilized by parents in controlling their children’s access to the internet and its significance to child protection? Objectives of the Study 1. To present the profile of the respondents in terms of: a. Demographic b. Economic 2. To know the different Internet sites that children usually view. 3. To identify the different control mechanisms used by parents in controlling their children’s internet access. 4. To determine the factors affecting the parents to control children’s access in the internet. 5. To determine if controlling children’s Internet usage will change their behavior towards Internet. Significance of the Study: To Parents and Teachers Association (PTA) With the collaboration of parents and teachers, this study would help them discuss with each other the action they should do if ever they will make a project plan regarding internet and children. They could be able to make different programs and seminars of how to handle their children and what to do in order to control children’s internet access. To the parents In accordance to the result of this study, parents will become attentive of what tends their children to visit such sites. If that happens, they could determine and counter-attack those factors with the proper and effective way of controlling their children’s internet access. They could also change their old mechanism in filtering their child’s internet use at least to refrain their child’s exposure on restricted sites. To the teachers Since teachers are correlated and influential with the shaping of the knowledge of students, with this study, they could serve as a bridge on the proper way of introducing internet world as an educational tool especially computer teachers. They should explain to students the main purpose of internet, the proper attitude towards internet access—their limitations, do’s and don’ts, To children, to students With the result of the study, children are hoped to see internet as a purposeful and educational one. They would gradually decrease their access on the internet abusively especially restricted sites. And to be able to understand that there is always a right time for everything. To the researchers and future researchers With the instrumentation, recommendations, conclusions and the study as whole, future researchers wanting to pursue a study like this would be a big help in producing another research or study in line with the topic. Their study could be an action towards the guidelines on filtering internet. Hypotheses: With the study, the following hypotheses are used: 1. With the objectives of the study, researchers expect the following: a. Parents in the lower class family are those who aren’t knowledgeable about the internet b. Parents in the middle class family are those who quite knowledgeable about internet c. Parents who are in the higher class family are those who are more knowledgeable about the internet. 2. The following sites are what children’s usually visit on the internet (in random order): Social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Youtube and Multiply d. Online games e. Restricted and malicious sites f. Sites for educational purposes such as ebooks, forums, online classrooms 3. Parents usually control their children’s internet access with the set of rules and regulations given on them such as time limitations, reminding them the proper use of internet, securing their child by filtering the internet etc. 4. Bad effects children affecting their scholastic records, children’s nasty view of real world, effects of unwanted websites inappropriate of children’s age such as pornographic sites, print and broadcast media and hearsays of internet’s harm to children are the factors affecting parents to control children’s access on the internet. 5. Children become more at ease, curious and the more they are controlled, the more they are spending long duration of time on their use of internet. Limitations of the Study This study entitled, â€Å"PARENTAL FILTERS ON THE INTERNET: THE MECHANISMS UTILIZED BY PARENTS IN CONTROLLING THEIR CHILDREN’S ACCESS TO INTERNET†, concentrates on the practices, tools or guidelines used by parents in controlling and protecting their children with the potential harms that internet contains. This study focuses only in Manila, in which the researchers systematically selected four High Schools from the locality. The schools, those researchers had chosen, are Malate High School, St. Anthony School, Dona Teodora Alonzo High School, and Villamor High School. The parents will be the main respondents of the study, coming from the Parents and Teachers Association or PTA in the selected schools respectively. The researchers are limited to take 100 respondents from all the parents in those selected four schools. These 100 respondents will be coming from the PTA members. Due to lack of resources, we would trim down the number of the PTA population to 100. The age bracket of students in the chosen high schools is roughly from twelve years old to sixteen years old. These students are the source where we can gather information from the parent. Considering these students have basic knowledge on computer and browsing internet—same goes with parents. This research study is only limited on the students, as it should, who use computer and access internet. This entails the effects getting or absorbing by the students, whether it’s good or bad. The bad effects of internet to students can be in physical and in mental condition. Operational Definition This part contains words with corresponding definition used by the researchers throughout their understanding and limitation. This serves as the researchers’ own dictionary only in important and primary terms. This also serves as the guiding tool to better understanding to this study. Students Students refer to the students who are enrolled and studying on the systematically selected four schools in Manila. These are the students who have, at least, basic knowledge in using computer and accessing and browsing the internet.