Monday, May 25, 2020

The An Lushan Rebellion in Tang China

The An Lushan Rebellion began in 755 as a revolt by a disgruntled general in the Tang Dynastys army, but it soon engulfed the country in unrest that lasted nearly a decade until its end in 763. Along the way, it nearly brought one of Chinas most glorious dynasties to an early and ignominious end. An almost unstoppable military force, the An Lushan Rebellion controlled both capitals of the Tang Dynasty for most of the rebellion, but internal conflicts eventually brought an end to the short-lived Yan Dynasty. Origins of Unrest In the middle of the 8th century, Tang China was embroiled in a number of wars around its borders. It lost the Battle of Talas, in what is now Kyrgyzstan, to an Arab army in 751. It also was unable to defeat the southern kingdom of Nanzhao — based in modern-day Yunnan — losing thousands of troops in an attempt to put down the rebellious kingdom. The only military bright spot for Tang was their limited success against Tibet. All of these wars were expensive and the Tang court was quickly running out of money. The Xuanzong Emperor looked to his favorite general to turn the tide — General An Lushan, a military man probably of Sogdian and Turkic origin. Xuangzong appointed An Lushan commander of three garrisons totaling more than 150,000 troops which were stationed along the upper Yellow River. A New Empire On December 16, 755, General An Lushan mobilized his army and marched against his Tang employers, using the excuse of insults from his rival at court, Yang Guozhong, moving from the area that is now Beijing along the Grand Canal, capturing the Tang eastern capital at Luoyang. There, An Lushan announced the formation of a new empire, called the Great Yan, with himself as the first emperor. He then pushed on toward the primary Tang capital at Changan — now Xian; along the way, the rebel army treated anyone who surrendered well, so numerous soldiers and officials joined the rebellion. An Lushan decided to seize southern China quickly, to cut off the Tang from reinforcements. However, it took his army more than two years to capture Henan, severely dampening their momentum. In the meantime, the Tang emperor hired 4,000 Arab mercenaries to help defend Changan against the rebels. Tang troops took up highly defensible positions in all of the mountain passes leading to the capital, completely blocking An Lushans progress. Turn of the Tide Just when it seemed that the Yan rebel army would have no chance to capture Changan, An Lushans old nemesis Yang Guozhong made a devastating mistake. He ordered the Tang troops to leave their posts in the mountains and attack An Lushans army on flat ground. General An crushed the Tang and their mercenary allies, laying the capital open to attack. Yang Guozhong and the 71-year-old Xuanzong Emperor fled south toward Sichuan as the rebel army entered Changan. The emperors troops demanded that he execute the incompetent Yang Guozhong or face a mutiny, so under intense pressure Xuanzong ordered his friend to commit suicide when they stopped in what is now Shaanxi. When the imperial refugees reached Sichuan, Xuanzong abdicated in favor of one of his younger sons, the 45-year-old Emperor Suzong. Tangs new emperor decided to hire reinforcements for his decimated army. He brought in an additional 22,000 Arab mercenaries and  a large number of Uighur soldiers — Muslim troops who intermarried with local women and helped form the Hui ethnolinguistic group in China. With these reinforcements, the Tang Army was able to retake both of the capitals at Changan and at Luoyang in 757. An Lushan and his army retreated east. End of the Rebellion Fortunately for the Tang Dynasty, An Lushans Yan Dynasty soon began to disintegrate from within. In January of 757, the Yan emperors son, An Qingxu, became upset by his fathers threats against the sons friends at court. An Qingxu killed his father An Lushan and then was killed in turn by An Lushans old friend Shi Siming. Shi Siming continued An Lushans program, retaking Luoyang from the Tang, but he also was killed by his own son in 761 — the son, Shi Chaoyi, proclaimed himself the new emperor of Yan, but quickly became quite unpopular. Meanwhile in Changan, the sickly Emperor Suzong abdicated in favor of his 35-year-old son, who became Emperor Daizong in May 762. Daizong took advantage of the turmoil and patricide in Yan, recapturing Luoyang in the winter of 762. By this time — sensing that Yan was doomed — a number of generals and officials had defected back to the Tang side. On February 17, 763, Tang troops cut off the self-proclaimed Yan emperor Shi Chaoyi. Rather than facing capture, Shi committed suicide, bringing the An Lushan Rebellion to a close. Consequences Although the Tang eventually defeated the An Lushan Rebellion, the effort left the empire weaker than ever. Later in 763, the Tibetan Empire retook its Central Asian holdings from Tang and even captured the Tang capital of Changan. The Tang had been forced to borrow not only troops but also money from the Uighurs — to pay those debts, the Chinese gave up control of the Tarim Basin. Internally, the Tang emperors lost significant political power to warlords all around the periphery of their lands. This problem would plague the Tang right up until its dissolution in 907, which marked Chinas descent into the chaotic Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period.

Friday, May 15, 2020

Obesity as a Major Social Problem The Current Situation

Introduction The various health complications brought about by obesity are well documented. Nutritional experts have over time argued that obese individuals are at a higher risk of developing other health complications including but not limited to diabetes, coronary heart disease etc (Sobel and Schneider 47). However, regardless of the adverse consequences of obesity, the statistics (highlighted elsewhere in this text) clearly indicate that America is increasingly becoming an obese nation. With that in mind, obesity can be regarded one of the most urgent social problems the U.S. faces. In an attempt to contain the soaring rates of obesity, experts have offered various solutions over time. The U.S. should implement prevention and intervention measures to deal with the problem of obesity. This will in turn help reduce medical costs to individuals for the treatment of obesity related conditions, enhance the prosperity of the nation and help bring down the national healthcare costs. Obesity as a Major Social Problem: The Current Situation Obesity according to the American Medical Association is a condition in which excess body fat may compromise the health of an individual (Reilly and Markenson 570). In the recent past, obesity has come to be seen as a serious social problem not only in the United States but also across the world. As Yancy notes, obesity is depleting our nations pocketbook and devastating the health and wellness of millions of Americans (n. pag.). InShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Obesity On American Culture1657 Words   |  7 Pageson the rise that are not as beneficial, such as American obesity. America is not the only country that faces issues with obesity, but the US has the highest ranking in the world for the total number of people who are overweight. In September of 2014 it was shown, â€Å"every state is above 20 percent (1).† It is a very large issue and commonly debated in American culture. Due to the fact that obesity not only increases chances for health problems, but can also cause decreases in confidence and acceptanceRead MoreFactors That Influence Obesity Rates Among Children Essay1520 Words   |  7 Pagesdescribe the factors that influence obesity rates among children. It will review relevant literature concerning the bio-psychosocial facts and etiology involved in childhood obesity. This paper will discuss why this is a problem not only for the client system, but also a significant social problem. Multiple systems will be explored to support the continuation of the problem on a micro, mezzo and macro level. Some specific policies that exacerbate the problem will be looked at along with basic valuesRead MoreCauses and Impact of Childhood Obesity1335 Words   |  5 PagesChildhood Obesity Childhood Obesity Obesity is a burgeoning and threatening epidemic that is becoming more pervasive in the United States and around the world as time goes on. While life expectancy in the United States continues to rise, the incidences of obesity-related diseases such as diabetes and cancer are rising alarmingly fast as well. Children are among the hardest hit as they are some of the more vulnerable members of society due to their inability to care for themselves in many waysRead MoreObesity And Obesity Among Hispanic And African American Communities1701 Words   |  7 Pages Diabetes and Obesity Name Institution Diabetes and Obesity Abstract There exists a close relationship between diabetes and obesity. The two conditions have troubled the global sector, leading to numerous deaths and excessive expenditure. This study evaluates the relationship between exercise/diets with obesity and diabetes among Hispanic and African American populations. The two communities face challenges of contracting diabetes and obesity owing to their lifestyle. ThereRead MoreThe Biopsychosocial Model of Health1330 Words   |  6 Pagesmust realise that biological, psychological and social factors all contribute to a person’s overall health. The social dimension cannot be ignored in Anne’s case. According to the World Health Organisation, the social determinants of health are ‘the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age.’ (World Health Organisation. 2013) From the information provided, one could suggest that various social factors have contributed to Anne’s obesity. Anne grew up in a depr ived area of the innerRead MoreChildhood Obesity : How It Can Affect Our Children s Mental Health And Images Of Themselves Essay1432 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood Obesity: How it can Affect our Children’s Mental Health and Images of Themselves Childhood obesity has been a common issue in our current times. Many children and adults suffer from obesity and have serious health issues that come along with the disorder. Childhood obesity has been such an issue for so long that even the first lady Michelle Obama has changed the school lunch programs to try and feed our kids healthier foods. This has been an ongoing issue for decades it seems. There areRead MoreObesity Epidemic and Nations Health1684 Words   |  7 PagesArgument paper The obesity epidemic and our nation’s health as a whole have many factors that include socioeconomic status in particular. Socioeconomic Status and Childhood Obesity will always shape our nations vision and mission with what we do with healthcare. Healthcare in America is in a major reconstruction faze, and is in much need of it, obesity and socioeconomic status are going to be the major contributors to this reconstruction. The ability to have access to better resources for sureRead MoreFirst Place Healthy Attitudes Rather843 Words   |  4 Pagesuk/uploads/doc/vid_4865_rudolf_TacklingObesity1_210110.pdf Effects Economy In 2007 the estimates of the NHS costs of treating obesity and other overweight related disease in England were  £4.2 billion and it was estimated to go up to  £6.3 billion and the modelled projections of indirect costs of obesity could be as much as  £27 billion (year 2015) and the same experts estimates that by 2050 the total costs of obesity and other overweight diseases would be  £49.9 billion (at 2007 figures) http://www.noo.org.uk/LA/impact/economicRead MoreWorkaholism1537 Words   |  7 Pageslikely to have relational problems with the people in their lives outside of their jobs. Workaholism is a major source of marital breakdown; the spouse often feels lonely and abandoned. Children of workaholics are more likely to be depressed and exhibit symptoms of parentification – behaving in a mature and responsible fashion to carry the burden left in place of the absent parent – than children of regular workers. As a result, workaholism can lead to obesity. Obesity is widely recognized as aRead MoreScience And Technology : The Impacts Of Technology And Modern Technology924 Words   |  4 Pagesthe quality of life! But,The over usage of technology is starting to cause obesity.â€Å"Although one traditional focus is on the amount and type of foods kids eat, one study says that obesity is on the rise, not just because of food, but because as we use more technology, we exercise less.†(â€Å"The Negative Effect of Social Media on Society and Individuals†) This quote is stating that these newer video games are causing obesity, not only for kids, but for some adults too. Second, the disadvantage of relying

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay on Stagnant Lives in Streetcar Named Desire and...

Stagnant Lives in Streetcar Named Desire and Glass Menagerie The Stagnant Lives of Blanche DuBois and Amanda Wingfield All of Williams significant characters are pathetic victims--of time, of their own passions, of immutable circumstance (Gantz 110). This assessment of Tennessee Williams plays proves true when one looks closely at the characters of Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire and Amanda Wingfield in The Glass Menagerie. Their lives run closely parallel to one another in their respective dramas. They reject their present lives, yet their methods of escape are dissimilar. Both women have lost someone they cared for, and so seek to hold, and unintentionally suffocate, those they have left. A major†¦show more content†¦This loss and the subsequent loss of her teaching position cause her to seek out her married sister, Stella. When she arrives at Elysian Fields, she quickly realizes that her sisters home is not the haven she imagined it to be, but an entire different world that is totally unfamiliar to her. This realization, combined with the loss of Allan, causes her to cling desperately to her sister. She even goes so far as attempting to persuade Stella away from her husband, a plan that backfires, leaving Blanche more alone than ever. The suffering and erosion of the past leave her with an incapacity for the present (Gilman 148). Like Blanches Belle Reve, the lost home of Amandas youth, Blue Mountain, is forever on her mind, with its fairy-tale existence of governors balls and gentlemen callers. She floats in a mist of old recollections of gentle grace and decorum (Clurman) Also similar to Blanche, Amanda has lost her husband. However, Amandas spouse does not die; he deserts her and her two children. This event does not seem to scar her emotionally as the loss of Allan did Blanche because, though deeply hurt be his desertion, Amanda considers her erstwhile husband the embodiment of romance, associating him with the happy time of her life at Blue Mountain (Tischier 319). The small fatherless family now lives in the cramped apartment with only a

Characteristics Of A Good Leader - 905 Words

In the world today, there are leaders everywhere, such as parents, Pastors, The President, CEO’s of companies, supervisors, and World Leaders just to name a few. A Leader can be good, bad, for or against an individual. A leader is also a person that sees projects and life through in order to make changes either in the mental growing aspect of one’s life, the economics of the world, or spiritual belief. The characteristics of a good leader are the leaders’ ability to inspire others, willingness to lead and integrity. The utmost important attribute of people is to be able to inspire others to evolve out of their normality by making one feel needed, and wanted. Furthermore, using tactics such as incentives and rewards can be offered. For instance, when employees are needed to contribute to a project, sometimes an incentive needs to be presented in order for them to consider the offer. The tool available to do this is called a bonus payout (Thurman, 2015). The other entity that can inspire others is the end of the year bonus, this will allow others to work hard in hopes to reap the benefits of a large employee bonus, for all the hard work that was contributed to the company that year (Thurman, 2015). A good leader can inspire others with his or her words. This is a method used by Pastors, Preacher, Rabbi, Priest and other Spiritual leaders. There words are used to give a sense of fortitude, that everything will be passable, just trust in God and he will see everythingShow MoreRelatedCharacteristi cs Of A Good Leader916 Words   |  4 PagesTo Be a Leader In the world today, there are leaders everywhere, such as Parents, Pastors, The President, CEO of Companies, Supervisors, and World Leaders just to name a few. These Leaders can be good or bad, for you or against you. A leader is a person that sees things through in order to make changes either in the mental growing aspect of one’s life, the economics of the world, or spiritual belief. The characteristics of a good leader are the leaders’ ability to inspire others, willingness toRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Leader1727 Words   |  7 Pages Characteristics a Good Leader Should Possess BU430 Leadership Christine Troglen June 28, 2015 Miller-Motte College Characteristics a Good Leader Should Possess The traits or characteristics of a good leader play an integral part in how that leader decides, acts and leads. The actions of a good leader also play a role in how they affect the rest of those they lead. That leadership, for example, impacts the ultimate goals of the group or the company. A good leader must haveRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Leader1655 Words   |  7 PagesIndividuals are all defined by certain behaviors and characteristics. Specifically from a management standpoint, it is important to understand these behaviors and characteristics so that the manager can demonstrate a certain leadership style that will work best within their own organization. There is a common saying within most organizations, stating that all leaders should be managers, but not all managers should be leaders (Sun). Aspiring leaders need to identify the various types of leadership stylesRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Leader912 Words   |  4 Pageswhat traits a leader should contain. W ithin the development of surveys people are able to decided what characteristics they believe are those of a good leader. Surveys are not just used to see the good they are also used as a form of improvement where people can assess a person’s trait to help them better themselves. Having a standard for what a good leader is, is not necessarily used the same in each position or job field. Some places of employment look for particular characteristic that others mayRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Leader869 Words   |  4 Pagesworld today, there are leaders everywhere such as Parents, Pastors, The President, CEO of Companies, Supervisors and World leaders just to name a few, these individuals can be good or bad, for you or against you. A leader is a person that sees things through in order to make change either in the mental growing aspect of one’s life, the economics of the world, or spiritual belief. The characteristics of a good leader are the leaders’ abil ity to inspire others willingness to leader and integrity. TheRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Leader2712 Words   |  11 PagesThe description of a leader is a person that leads a group of people. A leader that has positive traits is a valuable asset in today’s society. A good leader will be honest and caring with a desire to make a positive outcome by encouraging followers and work toward a goal for the organization they are a part of. This paper will discuss the traits of a good leader as well as emphasize on past leadership experiences. Leadership theories can come from people closely involved with an individual, andRead MoreCharacteristics of a Good Leader2287 Words   |  9 Pagesinfluence, another definition by Peter Drucker in his foundation The Leader of the Future says the leader is someone who has followers. A good leader always tries to develop the working methods so as to achieve the set goals and keeps constantly tries to improve his functional skills in various fields, also the good leader challenge the process, have a vision and share it with others and encourage others to act. One of the leaders that I would like to write about is Mr.Arif Nasser Ali Bani-Uraba,Read MoreLeadership Characteristics Of A Good Leader859 Words   |  4 Pagesways. Characteristics of a good leader is questionable. Leadership styles and theories, such as servant leadership, collective leadership and dictatorship may vastly differ but still share similar attributes. While servant leadership and collective leadership similarly encompass specific attributes, the collective leadership theory lacks vision and empowerment. Leadership characteristics differ in leaders. There are characteristics that make the difference between a qualified leader and a good managerRead MoreTraits And Characteristics Of A Good Leader Essay2018 Words   |  9 PagesTraits and Characteristics of a Good Leader A trait is a distinguishing quality or characteristic (Trait, n.d.). Businesses spend around $1,228 per employee on learning and development. Forty-four percent of businesses believe they will be increasing the amount of money spent on leadership development (The 10 defining traits of an amazing leader, n.d.). Could they save money if research could determine what traits and characteristics are imperative for a good and effective leader? This paper willRead MoreEssay about Characteristics of a Good Leader526 Words   |  3 Pages A good leader needs to have many particular characteristics. Some of these are obvious, such as that they care about what you are doing and always puts you before themselves. Also another trait of a good leader is that they always keep promises they make. Some of the subtle attributes of a good leader are that they do not hide behind bad news. Moreover, they are easy people to talk to and they have a good if not excellent sense of humor. In my opinion, the best leader would be one that enjoys

Reflection On Empathy Interview Free Sample @Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theReflection On Empathy Interview. Answer: Introduction The script is adapted from the interview of cried out by three members of our group. The research was meant demystify how culture shock affects international students in Australia. Culture shock is an experience whereby people are exposed to different beliefs, values, and unfamiliar culture that is different from their ethnic beliefs and norms. Culture shock at some point can bring mental torture because at some point the affected feel neglected or lonely in the new environment (Hellstn, 2002). The people to interview were the international students in the institution. One of the interviewee is a first year student who has been admitted o campus in the last intake. The second interviewee is a novice international scholar who has stayed in campus for two years or less. Our last interviewee was a senior student who has a final semester in school. All the interviewees were international students. The sample questions included: What has been your most memorable moment as an international student? And why? What do you like most about this campus and why? How do you cope up with a new social environment? What do you like most about this school? The first respondent feedback: The most memorable day is the day I arrived at the international airport to come to learn in this institution. It was my first time to travel by air of course. I like the campus first because of the resources they offer and the moral support they give to international students during the orientation day. Moreover, the Campus comprises of people from different ethnic groups hence i don`t feel inferior studying at this here. I cope with the new environment by interacting with the natives and am yet to adjust to this culture. The school admits students from all countries in the world hence it is metropolitan. The second interviewee feedback: The most memorable day is the day I received a scholarship letter to come and pursue my career in this institution. Not even at one point in life I will learn in an institution away from home. I like the campus first because it is ranked top in Australia and the quality of education offered is credible. Students here comprises of different ethnic groups hence i don`t feel inferior studying at this here. I cope with the new environment by making native students my best friend. The school has the best lectures ans students too are friendly. The third interviewee: The most memorable day is the day I stepped in this campus it was my first day to realize I had no friend around me and everything seemed a nightmare to me. I like the campus first because they never discriminate international students we learn together and do everything together as one community. Moreover, the campus gives students social welfare token by organizing educative events where we meet and interact with people of different capers. I cope with the new environment by interacting randomly with anyone I meet in the premises. The school has friendly staff. Conclusion The power of doing empathy work in our campus with the international students had a lot of influence and gave us a big picture of what psychological problems international students face while is a new social environment (Sawir, 2005).. This work sounds simple but the initiative of doing the field research and getting first hand information from the international students was incredibly powerful. As our team strategizing on the problem space; preparing questions, setting schedules for and time limits and the cost of expenditure while on the ground made the process more palatable. Especially on time allocation we decided to have a (30 minutes to one hour ) conversation with each interviewee and actually we interviewed each person all of us because we had time we scheduled and agreed with them on specific time and they responded positively. For those international students we had a conversation with, they applauded us for the successful and interactive sessions. Actually, nothing is as important as getting from what you do and having conversations with people who has changed their social environment so as to get first hand information about their psychological feeling (Ward et. al 2005). The information we gathered was incredibly relevant and we further opt to find solutions for such problems. References Hellstn, M. (2002). Students in transition: Needs and experiences of international students in Australia. Sawir, E. (2005). Language difficulties of international students in Australia: The effects of prior learning experience.International Education Journal,6(5), 567-580. Ward, C., Bochner, S., Furnham, A. (2005).The psychology of culture shock. Routledge.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Individual Behaviour Change Evidence in Transport

Question: Discuss about the Individual Behaviour Change for Evidence in Transport. Answer: Introduction The individual behaviour is the ability through which the persons gives the response to its surrounding provocation. The shared form of interaction and expression, practical understanding and cognitive constructs which are studied in the way of socialisation. The shared scope by which the influential member is identified while also particular those extra group. The belief of the social group or person by which they have invested the emotional. The ethical response to individual behaviour is based on the right. The determining process through which the individual should hold an interest of different stakeholders in the account of moral principle or value. The scope of individual behaviour is to separate field of study and not a discipline only, an interdisciplinary approach, a normative science and a humanistic and optimistic approach. The purpose of these study is to look at the issue and to find the way to change the problem of individual behavior. The principal motivation of this article is to discuss the policies effects deliberately which is inspired to change the individual behaviour for the cause of environmental, safety, health, economic and social objectives. The department of UK has taken the series of thought for the Transport to get present prove on transport behavioural change and its influence. The method has been taken as the evidence of argument in the sector of transport which is from the division of public health through travel behaviour in transport, public health specialist and domination of non-transport by comprising expert exercise (Avineri and Goodwin, 2010). It has been seen that few fundamental problem for which it is getting worse for an extended period for some disapproving trends that have some negative quality effects of ancient and use of life in human resource. There are insufficient only solved by provision services like hospitals and road. For that, the acceptance is based on the firm which is to some extent to change the direction necessary of these trends which considering the people for adopting behaviour. Therefore, there is such recognition for which the social, cultural and economic influence produce such trend. In this article the author state the importance of people fact those who are intended for a various company to have awareness about the system value of the business that they have to observe with. The articles deliberate few issues that influence the individual organisation behaviour and proposed the avoiding kinds of questions to give adequate training in given ethics for the employees. For the development of international association, the company which is multinational have gone through new encounters for the different cultural assumptions, societal values and social norms. The measurement has been taken that the employees as well as the employers need to conscious that the improper behaviour will have serious outlook in legally and also socially. To overcome the issue, both need to be qualified sufficiently in the ethics which is applied, but it is on the scientific consideration to the employees in study of organizational ethics (Constantin, 2010). The article describes the designed report by how the only behaviour gaps will be filled and also identify the characteristics of the community by which the danger management and fire preparedness be influenced. The examination is done to extend the only influence on the perceptions of their judgement and risk about their weight capacity outcomes. The issue is the constant threat of the bushfire have resulted from the loss of people property and life and also significant relocation and displacement which is cause for the population. The articles also show the psychological problems which are long-lasting in the communities which are affected (Morrison, Lawrance and Oehmen, 2014). The distinction of measurement indicates that the multidimensional concept needs to be treated by the physical preparedness which can give various social and psychological factors and also through the community behaviour factor level the influence if separate making decision needs the action of a collective c ommunity to go through the issue. The article shows the understanding the personality, work behaviour and attitude role and work behaviour determination value and also the work own expression perception process and effects. The reports also demonstrate the superior attitude of work and also by which the work behaviour is affected. The authors also argue the key which is needed to set individual response performance and development of affirmative skills of attitude. In the article, the issue of the person behaviour personality and attitude which are reliable over time appealing and context have the severe problem regarding the characteristics of consistency of individual expression. The measurement views of differential, classical and active concepts has been suggested in the article to solve the issue of the personality and attitude, and few methodological and theoretical measurement have reviewed to come over the problem of individual behaviour of character (Mucci, 2010). The above mention article shows the obtainability of the social data network which is becoming to the relation with the individual behaviour which is on the large scale connection. The social network is connected to the personal response which is unclear if behavioural forecasts which are base of social data are further particular from the practice of current market. What the issue shows by in the article is the obscurity of social network that assists to take permissions with the fact and to disobey without penalties and the social network, one cannot believe the individuality of people individual behaviour. To avoid this issue the development on the social networks by using the useful name producer for listing, the members of a network should charge for their penalties for disobeying the social network for that the individual behaviour may be measured (Goel and Goldstein, 2014). Conclusions Although the limitation of these result which indicates the meta-analysis of individual action which has the necessary relationship with the different level of outcomes of organisation and individual. In general speaking the confirm result which is vital to the response to the managers and scholars are alike and also give the opinion that the future research should have the goal for the increment of general mechanism outstanding which is discussed in the individual behaviour relationship. In the above taken first article the author Avineri, E. and Goodwin suggested that the universal sort for detection of ranking will be wrong like the economic influence or enforcement and law which will always be preferred in approaching which seems to be consistent with the individual behavior observation which cannot be simply shortened in the work or model which will work always. The process which is taken for the development of a human capability to solve the issue of the transport and public health behaviour. Due to some of the issue, the problem was caused which was insufficient for the hospital as well as for the transportation road to solve them. Therefore, there is such recognition for which the social, cultural and economic influence produce such trend. For that, the acceptance is based on the firm which is some extent to change the direction necessary of these trends which considering the people for adopting behaviour. In the second articles, the author Elena Claudia Const antin shows the importance of the people in a various company that they need to be aware of the value of the system of the enterprise. Due to the increment of multiculturalism which is present in the force of the work to avoid the order of conflict between the employees and employers who need to be aware of the existence of various ethical standards. For the development of international association, the company which is multinational have gone through new encounters for the different cultural assumptions, societal values and social norms. The extension evaluation should be needed by the managers so the national culture can do the interface with the policy of their company. I can state that to work for the enterprise like multinational which implies among other things to change in knowledge and behaviour of the company in ethical policy and standard and to give awareness of social and personal responsibilities. In the third article, Prof Carmen Lawrance, Prof David Morrison, Dr Raoul Oehmen suggested that the commissioned survey report which is found on the resident of Australia who has the issue for the bushfire. The data have been used to identify the variables community level which is related to the first awareness of the people and the subject of bushfire preparation and also its preparedness of measurement by individual behaviour. The distinction of analysis indicates that the multidimensional concept needs to be treated by the physical training which can give various social and psychological factors and also through the community behaviour factor level the influence if separate making decision needs the action of a collective community to go through the issue. The small-sample qualitative study of a pilot which is designed to know about the individual behaviour to get prepare for the bushfires risk events. In the fourth articles of James Mucci, the research on the personality and attitude of personal expression is from the center of the psychology from it s inception of the present method for investigation and conceptualizing the tone personality, and attitude continues to invigorate the field. From the above articles, the issue of the individual action personality and attitude which are reliable over time appealing and context have the severe problem regarding the characteristics of consistency of different response. The measurement views of differential, classical and active concepts has been suggested in the article to solve the issue of the personality and attitude, and few methodological and theoretical measurement have reviewed to come over the problem of individual behaviour of character. A considerable part of the study has established that different action personality and attitudes are linked to a variation of appropriate structural measures including citizenship, task performance and profitability of the organisation. In the fifth article, it has been concluded that the social network gives the significant effect to the stu dents which is negatively affected on the theoretical detection though the user spent his time which does not relate to the academic. By the development of individual behavior on social network the issue of issue shows by in the article is the obscurity of social network that assists to take permissions with the fact and to disobey without penalties and the social network, one cannot believe the individuality of people individual behavior for which the perfect measurement has also been taken. Therefore from the above five mention articles, all the author wants to suggest that by developing the personal behaviour the issue on the behaviour can be measured in a positive way. References Avineri, E. and Goodwin, P. (2010). Individual Behaviour Change: Evidence in transport and public health.Department for Transport. [online] Available at: https://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/11211/2/avineri-goodwin_DfT_Individual_behaviour_change.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2017]. Constantin, E. (2010). ETHICS AND INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR.PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES, [online] 3(1). Available at: https://sc.upt.ro/images/cwattachments/115_3cdd3146e94aecd6c5a65cd68fa2a84d.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2017]. Goel, S. and Goldstein, D. (2014). Predicting Individual Behavior with Social Networks.Marketing Science, [online] 33(1). Available at: https://www.dangoldstein.com/papers/Goel_Goldstein_Predicting_Individual_Behavior_Social_Networks_MSci_2014.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2017]. Morrison, D., Lawrance, C. and Oehmen, R. (2014). Community level Influence on Individual Behavior.Human Behaviour under stress project. [online] Available at: https://www.bushfirecrc.com/sites/default/files/managed/resource/community_level_influence_on_individual_behaviours_final_report.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2017]. Mucci, J. (2010). Personality, Attitudes, and Work Behaviors. [online] Available at: https://ewhcorporatesupport.com/MGMT49B/28982-piy-ch02-01.pdf_24448.pdf [Accessed 12 May 2017].